International Journal of Novel Research in Science, Technology and Engineering

ASSESSMENT OF LEAD AND CADMIUM CONCENTRATION ALONG THE FLOW PATH OF THE CHANCHANGA DAM, MINNA NORTH CENTRAL, NIGERIA

L. Gbadamosi — 2026-08-17

This study analyzed the levels of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in Chanchaga Dam in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Water samples from different locations within the dam path (Upper, Middle and Down) were collected and tested using the Per chloric and Nitric acid digestion method and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) analysis. The study also examined the physical and chemical properties of the water including pH, total organic matter, and electrical conductivity. The results revealed that Cd concentrations were 0.006 mg/l, 0.004 mg/l and 0.014 mg/l in the upper, middle and lower side of the dam respectively. For Pb, the concentrations were 0.8375 mg/l, 0.7865 mg/l and 0.9630 mg/l in the upper, middle and lower side of the dam. Statistical analysis showed no significant three-way interaction between the different river locations. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the upper and middle, upper and lower and middle and lower side of the dam. The study concluded that consuming water directly from Chanchaga Dam could pose health risks due to Cd and Pb levels surpassing the limits set by the World Health Organization (0.003 mg/l for Cd and 0.010 mg/l for Pb). It is therefore recommended that continuous monitoring of the water source to regulate the accumulation of these elements and improve water quality is essential. This study contributes valuable information about Chanchaga Dam, serving as a reference for future studies and emphasizing the importance of monitoring and enhancing the overall quality of the water.

ASSESSMENT OF THE CHANCHAGA DAM FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

L. Gbadamosi — 2025-08-17

Sustainable water resource systems are those designed and managed to fully contribute to the objectives of society now and in the future while maintaining their ecological, environmental and hydrological integrity. This study has investigated the Chanchaga dam for sustainable agricultural production. Socio-economic status of the stakeholders in the study area was assessed using questionnaires and checklists based on Rapid Rural Appraisal technique. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics used were mean and standard deviation while the inferential statistic used was Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. The nature of ecological impact facet had the highest mean (M = 3.14) while the socio-economic impact had the lowest mean (M = 2.95). Two diseases considered most serious in the study area in 2020 and 2021 were malaria and typhoid with 1,600 and 254 cases respectively. Surface and groundwater sampling operations were conducted and water samples were taken to laboratory for analysis. For the three water samples, the average value of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, sodium adsorption ratio, chloride, boron and sodium were 2.24 ds/m, 206.67 mg/l, 3.17 mg/l, 1.72 mg/l, 1.63 mg/l and 11.07 mg/l respectively. The study concluded that the water in this dam is suitable for sustainable agricultural production in terms of the levels of physico-chemical properties without compromising the sustainability of the vital ecosystems.